**Lesson Plan for Phonics (Primary 6): Sound Patterns "or" and "er"**
**Subject**: English (Phonics)
**Grade**: Primary 6
**Duration**: 60 minutes
**Topic**: Sound patterns "or" and "er"
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### **Objective:**
- Students will be able to identify, pronounce, and spell words containing the "or" and "er" sound patterns.
- Students will understand the difference in pronunciation and usage of "or" and "er".
### **Materials Needed:**
- Whiteboard and markers
- Flashcards with "or" and "er" words
- Worksheets with exercises
- Audio recordings of words and sentences containing "or" and "er" sounds
- A computer with speakers or a smartboard
- Word sorting chart or magnetic board
- Blank paper and pencils
- Highlighters
### **Introduction (10 minutes):**
1. **Greeting and Introduction**:
- Greet the class and briefly introduce the topic for the day: sound patterns "or" and "er".
2. **Listening Activity**:
- Play an audio recording of words containing "or" and "er" sounds. Ask students to listen carefully.
3. **Discussion**:
- Elicit from students any words they remember from the recording.
- Write these on the board, grouped by "or" and "er".
### **Direct Instruction (15 minutes):**
1. **Explanation**:
- Explain the "or" pattern: Commonly appears in words like "corn", "fork", "storm", etc.
- Explain the "er" pattern: Commonly appears in words like "teacher", "her", "runner", etc.
2. **Differences in Usage**:
- Clarify that "er" can be a suffix indicating a person who performs an action (e.g., runner, teacher) or just part of the word (her, winter).
- Provide visual aids and examples on the board.
3. **Pronunciation Practice**:
- Lead the class in pronouncing a list of "or" and "er" words. Focus on the differences in vowel sounds.
- Use choral repetition and individual practice.
### **Guided Practice (15 minutes):**
1. **Interactive Whiteboard Activity**:
- Use a word sorting chart or a magnetic board to display a mix of "or" and "er" words.
- Call on students to come up and place the words into the correct categories.
2. **Flashcard Game**:
- Divide the class into small groups and distribute flashcards.
- Each group must sort the flashcards into two piles: "or" and "er".
- Walk around to offer assistance and ensure correct sorting.
### **Independent Practice (10 minutes):**
1. **Worksheet**:
- Distribute a worksheet containing a variety of exercises (matching, fill-in-the-blanks, word search) focused on "or" and "er" words.
- Ask students to complete the worksheet individually.
2. **Sentence Construction**:
- Provide students with blank paper and ask them to write five sentences using at least one "or" and one "er" word in each sentence.
### **Closure (10 minutes):**
1. **Review and Reflect**:
- Go over the answers to the worksheet with the class.
- Ask students to share their sentences with a partner, and then select a few students to share with the class.
2. **Recap**:
- Summarize the key points of the lesson: the pronunciation and usage of "or" and "er" sounds.
- Answer any remaining questions.
3. **Homework Assignment**:
- Assign a short reading passage containing multiple "or" and "er" words. Students should underline these words and come prepared to discuss them in the next session.
### **Assessment:**
- Observe student participation during activities.
- Collect and review the worksheets and sentences to check for understanding.
- Quick individual oral assessments where students read "or" and "er" words aloud.
### **Extension Activities:**
- For advanced students, provide a list of more complex words containing "or" and "er" for additional practice.
- Encourage students to create a short story using as many "or" and "er" words as possible.
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This lesson plan aims to engage students in a variety of activities to reinforce their understanding and usage of "or" and "er" sound patterns, combining both auditory and visual learning techniques to cater to different learning styles.